Why India Celebrates Teachers' Day on 5 September: The Inspiring Story Behind the Date

Teachers’ Day is a special occasion observed worldwide to honor the invaluable contributions of educators. While most countries mark this day on 5 October as World Teachers’ Day, India celebrates it on 5 September every year. The reason behind this distinct date is deeply rooted in history and connected to the life of one of India’s most respected scholars, philosophers, and leaders—Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan.

The Legacy of Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan

Teachers’ Day in India is dedicated to Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, the second President and the first Vice President of the country. Born on 5 September 1888 in Tiruttani, Tamil Nadu, Dr. Radhakrishnan was not just a statesman but also a remarkable teacher, philosopher, and writer. His dedication to education and his inspiring journey as a scholar made his birthday the perfect occasion to honor the teaching community.

Dr. Radhakrishnan firmly believed that teachers play a crucial role in shaping society. To him, education was more than just academic instruction—it was the foundation of character building, moral values, and overall personality development. His students admired him for his humility, warmth, and ability to connect deeply with young minds.

The Beginning of Teachers’ Day Tradition in India

The story of how Teachers’ Day came to be celebrated in India is both interesting and inspiring. When Dr. Radhakrishnan became President in 1962, some of his students and colleagues requested to celebrate his birthday on a grand scale. In response, he modestly declined the idea of a personal celebration. Instead, he suggested that his birthday should be observed as a day to recognize the efforts and contributions of all teachers across the nation.

This gesture reflected his selflessness and deep respect for the teaching profession. Since then, 5 September has been officially celebrated as Teachers’ Day in India. The first national observance took place in 1962, and the tradition has continued with enthusiasm every year.

Why Teachers Matter So Much

Teaching is often described as one of the most noble and influential professions in the world. Teachers act as guides, mentors, and role models who shape not only the academic abilities of students but also their values, character, and future. Knowledge, as Dr. Radhakrishnan emphasized, is essential for human existence, and teachers are the torchbearers who light the path of wisdom for society.

In Indian culture, the concept of Guru-Shishya Parampara (teacher-student tradition) has always held a sacred place. Teachers are seen as figures who inspire, discipline, and nurture students into becoming responsible citizens. Teachers’ Day, therefore, is not just about honoring individuals but about recognizing the institution of teaching itself.

Contributions Beyond the Classroom

Dr. Radhakrishnan’s academic career was extensive. He taught philosophy at Madras Presidency College, Calcutta University, and later at Mysore University. His scholarly works, including Indian Philosophy, The Hindu View of Life, and his commentary on the Bhagavad Gita, remain highly influential. His writings combined profound knowledge with clarity, making complex ideas accessible to students and readers worldwide.

In recognition of his immense contributions, Dr. Radhakrishnan was awarded the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian honor, in 1954. His presidency was marked by his efforts to emphasize education and culture as key elements for national progress.

Teachers’ Day: A Day of Gratitude

Today, Teachers’ Day in India is celebrated in schools, colleges, and universities with great enthusiasm. Students organize cultural programs, express gratitude to their teachers, and acknowledge their role in shaping futures. The day serves as a reminder that behind every successful individual stands a teacher who once inspired and guided them.

The celebration is not just a tribute to Dr. Radhakrishnan but also a way of highlighting the significance of education in nation-building. It underscores the timeless truth that no society can progress without the guiding light of teachers.

Conclusion

Teachers’ Day on 5 September is more than just a date on the calendar—it is a symbol of respect, gratitude, and recognition for educators who dedicate their lives to nurturing the next generation. By choosing his birthday to honor teachers, Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan left behind a legacy that continues to inspire millions. His vision reminds us that while leaders shape policies, teachers shape the very soul of a nation.