New Delhi: With barely two weeks to the climate talks in Belem, only 64 of the 193 countries have submitted their targets for 2035. These countries account for just 30% of the planet's greenhouse gas emissions. The big greenhouse gas emitters such as China, the European Union and India are yet to submit their climate targets or nationally determined contributions (NDC) for 2035.
This year (2025) is important in the Paris Agreement cycle of ratcheting ambition to curtail and reduce carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions. The deadline of late September had been set for submission of the 2035 NDCs to enable the UN to determine projected emission reductions and likely increase in temperature. Given the trickle in NDC submissions, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) has been unable to provide projections of the impact of collective efforts on emission reduction.
The incomplete picture notwithstanding, the trend is positive. The 64 NDCs together with announcements made at the Climate Leaders' Summit hosted by UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres and Brazil's President Lula, on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly, indicate a clear and increasing effort by countries to reduce emissions.
Releasing the report, UN climate chief Simon Stiell said taking the NDCs and announcements into consideration, global emissions are expected to fall "by around 10%" by 2035 compared with 2019. However, to restrict temperature increase to 1.5 degree C, emissions need to reduce by 60%.
Making the point that multilateralism does deliver for climate, Stiell said, "Through UN-convened climate cooperation and national efforts, humanity is now clearly bending the emissions curve downwards for the first time," even as he acknowledged that it is "still not nearly fast enough".
The UN climate boss took the opportunity to stress the need for countries to do more and ensure that developing countries are being provided with commensurate resources. "So, while the direction of travel is improving every year, we have a serious need for more speed, and for helping more countries take stronger climate actions," he said.
The synthesis report has analysed the NDCs submitted by the 64 countries. The commitments will result in a 17% reduction in their collective emissions by 2035.
This year (2025) is important in the Paris Agreement cycle of ratcheting ambition to curtail and reduce carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions. The deadline of late September had been set for submission of the 2035 NDCs to enable the UN to determine projected emission reductions and likely increase in temperature. Given the trickle in NDC submissions, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) has been unable to provide projections of the impact of collective efforts on emission reduction.
The incomplete picture notwithstanding, the trend is positive. The 64 NDCs together with announcements made at the Climate Leaders' Summit hosted by UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres and Brazil's President Lula, on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly, indicate a clear and increasing effort by countries to reduce emissions.
Releasing the report, UN climate chief Simon Stiell said taking the NDCs and announcements into consideration, global emissions are expected to fall "by around 10%" by 2035 compared with 2019. However, to restrict temperature increase to 1.5 degree C, emissions need to reduce by 60%.
Making the point that multilateralism does deliver for climate, Stiell said, "Through UN-convened climate cooperation and national efforts, humanity is now clearly bending the emissions curve downwards for the first time," even as he acknowledged that it is "still not nearly fast enough".
The UN climate boss took the opportunity to stress the need for countries to do more and ensure that developing countries are being provided with commensurate resources. "So, while the direction of travel is improving every year, we have a serious need for more speed, and for helping more countries take stronger climate actions," he said.
The synthesis report has analysed the NDCs submitted by the 64 countries. The commitments will result in a 17% reduction in their collective emissions by 2035.
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